Green Energy Glossary
Plain English explanations of key terms for solar panels, heat pumps, EV chargers, grants, and more.
DNO (Distribution Network Operator)
The company responsible for the electricity distribution network in your area. You may need DNO approval for larger solar installations or battery systems that export to the grid.
Feed-in Tariff (FiT)
A now-closed government scheme that paid homeowners for generating renewable electricity. Replaced by the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG) for new installations.
Inverter
A device that converts DC electricity from solar panels into AC electricity used by your home appliances and the grid. Modern inverters also optimise panel output and provide monitoring.
kWp (Kilowatt Peak)
The peak power output of a solar panel system under standard test conditions. A typical UK home installs 3-4 kWp. Each kWp generates roughly 850-1,050 kWh per year depending on location.
PVGIS (Photovoltaic Geographical Information System)
An EU tool providing solar irradiance data for any location. Used to estimate how much electricity solar panels will generate based on your postcode, roof angle, and orientation.
SEG (Smart Export Guarantee)
A scheme requiring large energy suppliers to pay you for excess renewable electricity you export to the grid. Rates vary between 3-15p per kWh depending on the supplier and tariff.
Self-Consumption
The percentage of solar energy you use directly in your home rather than exporting. Higher self-consumption means greater savings. Adding a battery can increase this from around 50% to 70-80%.
Solar Panel (Photovoltaic/PV Panel)
A panel that converts sunlight into electricity. Modern panels typically produce 380-440W each. A typical UK home needs 8-12 panels for a 3-4 kWp system.
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